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Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers, Vol. 22, No. 5, 539-568 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0883911507082160

Perspectives on: Materials Aspects for Retinal Prostheses

Carmen Scholz

Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville 301 Sparkman Drive, MSB 333, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA, cscholz{at}chemsitry.uah.edu

Retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration are both incurable eye diseases that lead to blindness due to photoreceptor degeneration. Electrically stimulating the remaining intact nerve cells may generate some useful vision for patients afflicted with these diseases. Various types of retinal prostheses, sub- and epi-retinal electrode arrays, as well as subretinal microphotodiode arrays are considered from a materials and biocompatibility point of view. Other, more innovative approaches to restoring vision, such as microfluidic pumps and activated nanosystems that deliver neurotransmitters in a controlled way and photodynamic therapy are being developed. This article discusses materials aspects of retinal prostheses that are currently in use or under development.

Key Words: retinal prostheses • subretinal • epiretinal • microphotodiode arrays • biocompatibility • hermeticity.


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[Abstract] [PDF]