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A New Polyurethane/Heparin Vascular Graft for Small-Caliber Vein Repair

Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education & Center of Organ Manufacturing Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China

Xiao Hong Wang

Dezheng Yin

Renji Zhang

Small-caliber (1.2 mm inner diameter) vein grafts, made from a mixture of heparin and polyurethane with superior compliance, excellent antithrombogenicity and biocompatibility, have been developed. Eighteen rabbits were used; 12 for the heparin containing grafts and the other six were pure polyurethane grafts as controls. Each graft segment (2 cm in length) was implanted into the femoral veins using a newly developed anastomosis method. Sodium heparin was given before surgery, but no anticoagulant was used thereafter. All the rabbits lived during the whole experimental period of 1 year. Histological analyses of vessels retrieved 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks after implantation revealed regeneration of endothelial-like cells (in 2 weeks), elastin-like tissues (in 8 weeks), and neoadventitia-like layers (in 12 weeks). The patency rate for the heparin containing grafts was 100%, but was only 83.3% in the no heparin controls. These results indicate that "ideal" small diameter blood vessels can be synthesized and used directly without cellularization before implantation. By the properly selecting scaffold materials, a native vein can repair itself spontaneously to certain degree.

Key Words: small diameter venous graft • polyurethane/heparin • antithrombogenicity • endothelial cell • vein repair.

Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers, Vol. 22, No. 3, 323-341 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0883911507078386


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