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Electrospinning of Collagen Type II: A Feasibility Study

Department of Biomedical Engineering Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, VA 23298-0698, USA

Eugene D. Boland

Department of Biomedical Engineering Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, VA 23298-0698, USA

Gary E. Wnek

Department of Chemical Engineering Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, VA 23298-3028, USA

David G. Simpson

Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, VA 23298-0709, USA

Gary L. Bowlin

Department of Biomedical Engineering Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, VA 23298-0694, USA

Collagen is the natural scaffolding found in all tissues and has been explored extensively for use as a tissue engineering scaffold with limited success. In this feasibility study, the electrospinning of collagen type II and subsequent chondrocyte seeding was investigated for potential use in cartilage tissue engineering. The electrospinning process utilized lyophilized, chicken sternal cartilage collagen type II suspended in 1,1,1,3,3,3 hexaflouro-2-propanol and demonstrated that collagen type II could be electrospun to form nonwoven fibrous mats composed of type II fibers that ranged from 110 nm to 1.8µm in diameter. The fiber diameter was dependant on the type II concentration in solution with a higher concentration producing the larger diameters. The preliminary chondrocyte seeding study demonstrated that electrospun collagen type II scaffolds support cell growth and are readily infiltrated. In conclusion, the feasibility of collagen type II electrospinning has been demonstrated and the novel scaffolds produced are composed of nano- to micron-scale fiber diameters that have been shown to be compatible with chondrocytes.

Key Words: collagen type II • electrospinning • tissue engineering • scaffolding

Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers, Vol. 18, No. 2, 125-134 (2003)
DOI: 10.1177/0883911503018002003


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