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Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers
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Unique Activity of Ureases Immobilized on Poly(Styrene-Co-Acrolein) Microspheres

Arvind M. Kayastha

School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, India

Punit K. Srivastava

School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, India

Beata Miksa

Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland

Stanislaw Slomkowski

Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland

Poly(styrene-co-acrolein) (P(S/A)) microspheres were synthesized by emulsifier-free emulsion-dispersion radical copolymerization of styrene and acrolein. Particles with a number average diameter (øD n) of 373 nm, a narrow diameter distribution (øD w/øD n) of 1.008 and a surface concentration of aldehyde groups from polyacrolein units of 2.51 · 10–6 mol/m2 were obtained. Ureases from jack beans (Urs-JB) and from pigeonpea (Urs-PP) were immobilized onto these microspheres. Activity of free and immobilized urease was determined using a standard phenol method. Surface concentration of attached enzymes was varied in the range from 0.06 to 1.6 mg/m2. Specific activity of Urs-JB in solution was 1.9 times higher than that of Urs-PP, however, upon immobilization of enzymes onto P(S/A) microspheres the reverse was true. Due to very high denaturation activity of immobilized Urs-JB was 10 times lower than in solution. In the case of Urs-PP, denaturation of the enzyme upon immobilization was much lower and possibly due to a cooperative effect resulting from a local high concentration of immobilized enzyme, its specific activity was from 3 to 9 times higher than that of immobilized Urs-JB.

Key Words: urease • pigeonpea • jack bean • poly(styrene-co-acrolein) • microspheres • enzyme immobilization

Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers, Vol. 18, No. 2, 113-124 (2003)
DOI: 10.1177/0883911503018002002
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